BAD EXAMPLES
http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=a9h&AN=32203783&site=ehost-live
This article is from a Biocycle Magazine. It is very brief and does not use any of the strategies of pathos, logos and ethos. While it does present limited facts, it does not promote any kind of action or change. Overall, I found it to be uninformative and ineffective in promoting recycling. For instance, it talks about "cutting emissions by one-third to one-half with existing technologies" but it does not go into further detail about these technologies or what they do to cut the emissions.
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5A2YxhvxSR0&eurl=http://video.google.com/videosearch?q=why++recycle&sourceid=navclient-ff&rlz=1B3GGGL_en___US238&oe=UTF-8iurl=http://i4.ytimg.com/vi/g087a8vclig/hqdefault.jpg&feature=player_embedded
This video was ineffective in making in argument for recycling. Not only was it boring, it did not present any facts at all about recycling. It did, however, appeal to my emotions (pathos) by showing pictures of nature and animals. But there was an absence of factual information and also the appeal for the viewer to take action and recycle in order to help the environment.
GOOD EXAMPLES
http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=a9h&AN=9502131890&site=ehost-live
This article was very informative, interesting and used effective strategies of rhetoric. Logos was used at the very beginning of the article when it explains the "Garbage crisis" in Long Island when the cargo ship had nowhere to dump its garbage. The article uses ethos by placing the chart in the article with the pros and cons of recycling. This leads to the credibility of the author(s) and allows the reader to see that there is not a biased view--the author has done his/her research before formulating his/her opinion. Pathos, or emotional appeal, is used to draw the reader's awareness of purchasing recycled materials and reusing items rather than throwing them away.
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=g087a8vclig&eurl=http://video.google.com/videosearch?q=why++recycle&sourceid=navclient-ff&rlz=1B3GGGL_en___US238&oe=UTF-8iurl=http://i4.ytimg.com/vi/g087a8vclig/hqdefault.jpg&feature=player_embedded
This video was short, yet to the point. It used all three strategies in that there were numerous facts presented throughout the video (ethos and logos) and uses pathos by showing you what you could "save" by recycling. To me, this was prompting for action now, there were images and exact facts of what would be saved and how you could do it--all by recycling paper. This video was not "preaching" so much as making a statement about what recycling a little bit of paper can do (and save!).
Wednesday, January 28, 2009
Monday, January 26, 2009
Cradle to Cradle
In Cradle to Cradle, McDonough and Braungart use three strategies of ethos, pathos and logos to make their points to the readers. They establish their credibility or ethos by introducing the third chapter by stating their personal process of analyzing and testing polymers to replace paper for the creation of this book. Also, they discuss the benefits of an eco-benefitting building and how the aesthetic settings can increase and promote employee productivity and retention. They then state that “Bill’s firm led the team that designed it” (75). All of these aspects throughout the book prove that both authors have done their research and are authorities on the subject. The thorough presentation of information leads me to believe that the authors are more than credible and I would take their opinion and advice on eco-friendly applications any day.
They establish pathos by appealing to the audience’s emotions by telling the story of the forbidden cherry tree. These neighbors wanted to plant the tree in order to provide a habitat for songbirds and a beautiful sight. The city would not permit the tree to be planted due to zoning restrictions. The neighbors then protested until they were granted special permission to plant the tree. Also, the story about Michael’s mother’s garden sparks a soft note in the reader’s heart--she had to pay a fine every year just to keep her “wild” garden. They also refer to industrial growth as a “cancer,” growing only for its own benefit. These examples appeal to the emotions of the reader and establish a deep concern and admiration for the environment.
Lastly, they establish logos by all the facts they introduce which present new methods and ideologies for eco-friendly buildings and products. For instance, on page 83, they talk about how they have been working on a kind of roofing that benefits the environment. Also, I found it extremely beneficial and informational when they described what an eco-friendly building does and how it reduces the waste and energy needed. They used vivid descriptions and really made it easy to picture and understand. Being someone who does not know much about an eco-friendly building, it really helped me visualize and understand the benefits of using that type of technology in a building.
When I googled cradle to cradle, there was not much information. On the MBDC website, I was able to read a little bit more about what the cradle to cradle design is and its benefits on the environment. Basically, the cradle to cradle design has to do with a waste-free design that is what the website called a “closed loop”. The website says that Ford, The United States Post Office and Nike all use some of the cradle to cradle technology.
They establish pathos by appealing to the audience’s emotions by telling the story of the forbidden cherry tree. These neighbors wanted to plant the tree in order to provide a habitat for songbirds and a beautiful sight. The city would not permit the tree to be planted due to zoning restrictions. The neighbors then protested until they were granted special permission to plant the tree. Also, the story about Michael’s mother’s garden sparks a soft note in the reader’s heart--she had to pay a fine every year just to keep her “wild” garden. They also refer to industrial growth as a “cancer,” growing only for its own benefit. These examples appeal to the emotions of the reader and establish a deep concern and admiration for the environment.
Lastly, they establish logos by all the facts they introduce which present new methods and ideologies for eco-friendly buildings and products. For instance, on page 83, they talk about how they have been working on a kind of roofing that benefits the environment. Also, I found it extremely beneficial and informational when they described what an eco-friendly building does and how it reduces the waste and energy needed. They used vivid descriptions and really made it easy to picture and understand. Being someone who does not know much about an eco-friendly building, it really helped me visualize and understand the benefits of using that type of technology in a building.
When I googled cradle to cradle, there was not much information. On the MBDC website, I was able to read a little bit more about what the cradle to cradle design is and its benefits on the environment. Basically, the cradle to cradle design has to do with a waste-free design that is what the website called a “closed loop”. The website says that Ford, The United States Post Office and Nike all use some of the cradle to cradle technology.
Wednesday, January 21, 2009
Monbiot’s Concepts of Rhetoric
His strategies:
1) Starts with a story about Georg Faust—a German man who was taken by the devil. Christopher Marlowe wrote a play about this story, called The Tragical History of Doctor Faustus. This tragic story ends with the main character taken away to hell—a metaphor for a disastrous climate change in the world. This appeals to the audience in terms of fear and the desires to live a “good” life with no consequences (pathos).
2) He had to establish that he was an authority on the subject of the environment (credibility or ethos), therefore in his introduction he describes his methods of research in order to write the book Heat. He does this by describing what he calls “The Hierarchy of Credibility” which is basically a list of environmental organizations that have provided him unbiased information and research. Also, he states that a lot of this research is ever-changing and even after he publishes this book, states that some of his findings may have been disproved.
3) He had to explain what THC (thermohaline circulation) was, define it and explain what it does in terms of the planet (logos). This also further proved his credibility on the subject.
4) He uses numerous examples and facts to further illustrate his main arguments about how energy and valuable fossil fuels are being wasted and the little things that are occurring in the planet that are making a deep impact on the it. He provokes fear in order to promote action.
1) Starts with a story about Georg Faust—a German man who was taken by the devil. Christopher Marlowe wrote a play about this story, called The Tragical History of Doctor Faustus. This tragic story ends with the main character taken away to hell—a metaphor for a disastrous climate change in the world. This appeals to the audience in terms of fear and the desires to live a “good” life with no consequences (pathos).
2) He had to establish that he was an authority on the subject of the environment (credibility or ethos), therefore in his introduction he describes his methods of research in order to write the book Heat. He does this by describing what he calls “The Hierarchy of Credibility” which is basically a list of environmental organizations that have provided him unbiased information and research. Also, he states that a lot of this research is ever-changing and even after he publishes this book, states that some of his findings may have been disproved.
3) He had to explain what THC (thermohaline circulation) was, define it and explain what it does in terms of the planet (logos). This also further proved his credibility on the subject.
4) He uses numerous examples and facts to further illustrate his main arguments about how energy and valuable fossil fuels are being wasted and the little things that are occurring in the planet that are making a deep impact on the it. He provokes fear in order to promote action.
Monday, January 19, 2009
An Ever-Changing Piece of Myself: final draft
A thousand daggers digging into your pruny, wet, cold skin. Waves. Red, warm, itchy peeling shoulders. Sunburn. Sticky, gritty, icky. Sand. These are the elements of the beach I treasure most. This is the most relaxing place in the world. Not a care in the world. Not at all. This beach was where our families united in the joys of extending family ties. This beach was where the ocean swallowed my sister’s favorite pair of sunglasses. This beach was where my boyfriend took his first ever airline flight, his first time in the California sun. This beach was where my mother learned to relax and just enjoy the outdoors, something she finds hard to do. This beach is where I go every summer to rekindle and create new memories of good times with my family and friends. This beach is Malibu, California.
When I retreat from this beautiful place and head back to the real world--cold, rainy, dreadful Ohio, my stress level is elevated to high, potentially toxic levels. While stress may or may not kill me, the toxins in the air due to pollution of all sorts will (and currently is) killing the environment. If I ever lost the beautiful oasis of Malibu I would lose a part of my soul, a part of me that I let go when I am there. This place is protected—unharmed—and I am so thankful that the state of California protects it from destruction. When human beings force change in the environment is when it affects the environment negatively.
One of the fondest vacation memories was when my family went to Hawaii a couple of years back. Sharp, winding turns. Motion-sickness from the three hour drive up the mountain. Look to the left out of the car window. A cliff with a steep fall attached to it. Three long, grueling, nauseous hours later… you have arrived at Haleakala. Haleakala is seven rivers on the top of Haleakala Mountain. These rivers are said to be the “fountain of youth.” There is foliage everywhere, lots of green-- moss, trees, beautiful plants, all growing wild yet seemingly framing the beautiful landscape of the seven inter-connected rivers all flowing together. Rocks frame each river, some rivers are deep, some are shallow, some are small ponds that only one person could fit in. Jump off of the high rocks and land into the refreshing river. Or, if heights frighten you, jump from a lower rock into the water. Or just lie on the bank and enjoy the sweet smells of fresh flowers and clean water on this beautiful sunny day. All of this was created by nature. There is not one human being involved in the creation of this magnificent place. Each element takes care of one another: the water feeds the flowers, the moss and the animals. Not one element is reliant on a human being to maintain its beauty or keep it alive. This is a protected area, one in which human beings have contributed to its survival in order to preserve the beauty and let another experience it. However, these humans have not done anything except not destroy this beautiful place.
I am active in my part to contribute to the environment. I recycle and have convinced my roommates to recycle as well. Last year when I was a Resident Advisor, I put on numerous programs throughout the year in order to increase awareness about energy conservation, recycling, and reusing items. Currently I live in off-campus housing and a shuttle is provided for convenience—which also makes it convenient for the environment in terms of reducing emissions and wasting valuable oil. Much like the woods by my house were wasted due to the hunger of expansion.
When I was a little girl, my best friend, Shawn, and I used to play in the woods behind our houses. While these woods were small and shallow (which was why our parents let us play in them), they were full of beautiful oak and pine trees. Now that I am older, when I retreat home these full woods have lost a lot of their trees due to the nearby school desiring a “bigger” playground. This makes me extremely sad: these woods held many memories of my childhood, and every time I come home the woods have thinned out and more trees have been sacrificed for some other “project.” While these projects become bigger and bigger, the woods become smaller and smaller, much like the polluted, abused planet.
Haleakala and Malibu are protected. People care enough about these beautiful places not to destroy them. These people ensure that places like these are not ruined because they are pleasing to the eye. What about the places that are not “aesthetically pleasing” to the eye? Places like the woods by my house—though I think the woods are beautiful. They may not have brightly colored flowers or wild moss or beautiful water. No, what these woods have is much more…the beauty is in the amount of time you spend in them. The beauty is in the eye of the beholder. These thin woods are unprotected and it seems that nobody cares, much like the environment. Does someone care? Does anyone care? Or will we care when it is gone?
When I retreat from this beautiful place and head back to the real world--cold, rainy, dreadful Ohio, my stress level is elevated to high, potentially toxic levels. While stress may or may not kill me, the toxins in the air due to pollution of all sorts will (and currently is) killing the environment. If I ever lost the beautiful oasis of Malibu I would lose a part of my soul, a part of me that I let go when I am there. This place is protected—unharmed—and I am so thankful that the state of California protects it from destruction. When human beings force change in the environment is when it affects the environment negatively.
One of the fondest vacation memories was when my family went to Hawaii a couple of years back. Sharp, winding turns. Motion-sickness from the three hour drive up the mountain. Look to the left out of the car window. A cliff with a steep fall attached to it. Three long, grueling, nauseous hours later… you have arrived at Haleakala. Haleakala is seven rivers on the top of Haleakala Mountain. These rivers are said to be the “fountain of youth.” There is foliage everywhere, lots of green-- moss, trees, beautiful plants, all growing wild yet seemingly framing the beautiful landscape of the seven inter-connected rivers all flowing together. Rocks frame each river, some rivers are deep, some are shallow, some are small ponds that only one person could fit in. Jump off of the high rocks and land into the refreshing river. Or, if heights frighten you, jump from a lower rock into the water. Or just lie on the bank and enjoy the sweet smells of fresh flowers and clean water on this beautiful sunny day. All of this was created by nature. There is not one human being involved in the creation of this magnificent place. Each element takes care of one another: the water feeds the flowers, the moss and the animals. Not one element is reliant on a human being to maintain its beauty or keep it alive. This is a protected area, one in which human beings have contributed to its survival in order to preserve the beauty and let another experience it. However, these humans have not done anything except not destroy this beautiful place.
I am active in my part to contribute to the environment. I recycle and have convinced my roommates to recycle as well. Last year when I was a Resident Advisor, I put on numerous programs throughout the year in order to increase awareness about energy conservation, recycling, and reusing items. Currently I live in off-campus housing and a shuttle is provided for convenience—which also makes it convenient for the environment in terms of reducing emissions and wasting valuable oil. Much like the woods by my house were wasted due to the hunger of expansion.
When I was a little girl, my best friend, Shawn, and I used to play in the woods behind our houses. While these woods were small and shallow (which was why our parents let us play in them), they were full of beautiful oak and pine trees. Now that I am older, when I retreat home these full woods have lost a lot of their trees due to the nearby school desiring a “bigger” playground. This makes me extremely sad: these woods held many memories of my childhood, and every time I come home the woods have thinned out and more trees have been sacrificed for some other “project.” While these projects become bigger and bigger, the woods become smaller and smaller, much like the polluted, abused planet.
Haleakala and Malibu are protected. People care enough about these beautiful places not to destroy them. These people ensure that places like these are not ruined because they are pleasing to the eye. What about the places that are not “aesthetically pleasing” to the eye? Places like the woods by my house—though I think the woods are beautiful. They may not have brightly colored flowers or wild moss or beautiful water. No, what these woods have is much more…the beauty is in the amount of time you spend in them. The beauty is in the eye of the beholder. These thin woods are unprotected and it seems that nobody cares, much like the environment. Does someone care? Does anyone care? Or will we care when it is gone?
Wednesday, January 14, 2009
An Ever-Changing Piece of Myself
A thousand daggers digging into your pruny, wet, cold skin. Waves. Red, warm, itchy peeling shoulders. Sunburn. Sticky, gritty, icky. Sand. These are the elements of the beach I treasure most. This is the most relaxing place in the world. Not a care in the world. Not at all. Then I retreat from this beautiful place and head back to the real world: cold, rainy, dreadful Ohio. Yet home to me. All my worries return. My stress level is elevated to high, potentially toxic levels. All I can do is imagine this wonderful beach, yes, one day I will be back there again. Hopefully soon. If I ever lost this beautiful oasis I would lose a part of me, a part of my soul, a part of me that I let go when I am there. That is what I look forward to doing when I am there. I let go. I am able to lie on the gritty sand and just enjoy the hot, blistering sun. This natural, relaxing place helps to fulfill my interests and deep, internal desires. This beach was where our families united in the joys of extending family ties. This beach was where the ocean swallowed my sister’s favorite pair of sunglasses. This beach was where my boyfriend took his first ever airline flight, his first time in the California sun. This beach was where my mother learned to relax and just enjoy the outdoors, something she found hard to do. This beach is where I go every summer to rekindle and create new memories of good times with my family and friends. This beach is Malibu, California.
When I was a little girl, my best friend, Shawn, and I used to play in the woods behind our houses. While these woods were small and shallow (which was why our parents let us play in them), they were full of trees. Shawn and I would pretend magical creatures lived in these woods and trees and we would explore these woods and pretend they were other worlds. Now that I am older, when I retreat home these full woods have lost a lot of their trees. Whether they died off or were chopped down, the woods that were once dark are now very bare and open. All the history in the trees died off when the trees disappeared. My growing up and changing is much like the woods evolving over time, and while I have come to expect change, when it occurs I am not excited to welcome it. This is much like my feelings of the environment. I know that things must change, but most of the time I am not ready or accepting of the change.
A lot of the changes that occur in the environment are for the good. When human beings force change in the environment is when it affects the environment negatively. One of the fondest vacation memories was when my family went to Hawaii a couple of years back. Sharp, winding turns. Motion-sickness from the three hour drive up the mountain. Look to the left out of the car window. A cliff with a steep fall attached to it. Three long, grueling, nauseous hours later… you have arrived at Haleakala. Haleakala is seven rivers on the top of Haleakala Mountain. These rivers are said to be the “fountain of youth.” There is foliage everywhere, lots of green-- moss, trees, beautiful plants, all growing wild yet seemingly framing the beautiful landscape of the seven inter-connected rivers all flowing together. Rocks frame each river, some rivers are deep, some are shallow, some are small ponds that only one person could fit in. Jump off of the high rocks and land into the refreshing river. Or, if heights frighten you, jump from a lower rock into the water. Or just lie on the bank and enjoy the sweet smells of fresh flowers and clean water on this beautiful sunny day. All of this was created by nature. There is not one human being involved in the creation of this magnificent place. Each element takes care of one another: the water feeds the flowers, the moss and the animals. Not one element is reliant on a human being to maintain its beauty or keep it alive.
While Malibu beach never visibly changes to me, I know it is constantly changing due to people visiting it on a daily basis. And those woods I came to love so much, they have changed. They have thinned out, much like my father’s hair throughout the years. If I ever visited Haleakala again, I am sure something would be different. Things are changing and evolving every single day. That is part of life. These differences may or may not be a good thing, but the fact is: nature will always survive. I will always find peace in the wind, the sun, or the water. And no man or woman could ever take that away from me.
When I was a little girl, my best friend, Shawn, and I used to play in the woods behind our houses. While these woods were small and shallow (which was why our parents let us play in them), they were full of trees. Shawn and I would pretend magical creatures lived in these woods and trees and we would explore these woods and pretend they were other worlds. Now that I am older, when I retreat home these full woods have lost a lot of their trees. Whether they died off or were chopped down, the woods that were once dark are now very bare and open. All the history in the trees died off when the trees disappeared. My growing up and changing is much like the woods evolving over time, and while I have come to expect change, when it occurs I am not excited to welcome it. This is much like my feelings of the environment. I know that things must change, but most of the time I am not ready or accepting of the change.
A lot of the changes that occur in the environment are for the good. When human beings force change in the environment is when it affects the environment negatively. One of the fondest vacation memories was when my family went to Hawaii a couple of years back. Sharp, winding turns. Motion-sickness from the three hour drive up the mountain. Look to the left out of the car window. A cliff with a steep fall attached to it. Three long, grueling, nauseous hours later… you have arrived at Haleakala. Haleakala is seven rivers on the top of Haleakala Mountain. These rivers are said to be the “fountain of youth.” There is foliage everywhere, lots of green-- moss, trees, beautiful plants, all growing wild yet seemingly framing the beautiful landscape of the seven inter-connected rivers all flowing together. Rocks frame each river, some rivers are deep, some are shallow, some are small ponds that only one person could fit in. Jump off of the high rocks and land into the refreshing river. Or, if heights frighten you, jump from a lower rock into the water. Or just lie on the bank and enjoy the sweet smells of fresh flowers and clean water on this beautiful sunny day. All of this was created by nature. There is not one human being involved in the creation of this magnificent place. Each element takes care of one another: the water feeds the flowers, the moss and the animals. Not one element is reliant on a human being to maintain its beauty or keep it alive.
While Malibu beach never visibly changes to me, I know it is constantly changing due to people visiting it on a daily basis. And those woods I came to love so much, they have changed. They have thinned out, much like my father’s hair throughout the years. If I ever visited Haleakala again, I am sure something would be different. Things are changing and evolving every single day. That is part of life. These differences may or may not be a good thing, but the fact is: nature will always survive. I will always find peace in the wind, the sun, or the water. And no man or woman could ever take that away from me.
Monday, January 12, 2009
Williams Rhetoric
In Yellowstone: The Erotics of Place, Williams uses many different methods of expressive strategies. In the first and last paragraph, he repeats the same rhetoric: a rhetoric which, using personification, gives certain elements of nature a human-like quality. Throughout this piece, Williams creates a love affair between human beings and nature. He also creates a love affair between Pan, the Greek god, and Echo, a beautiful nymph. By stating that Echo is everyone, Williams is implying that nature is in everything and that is everywhere, including all around us.
Winter Solace at the Moab Slough starts out by introducing the Hopi Tribe and their rituals during Winter Solace by celebrating nature and praying for health and love. He makes a connection between humans and the damage and healing done to nature by creating the analogy of the dedicated Wetland Preserve and the release of the healed red-tailed hawk that was previously injured. Williams then goes to compare love and humans by stating that we do not face love with open eyes and that there is a lack of intimacy with the land and love. He also states that the land equals love and we fear love.
Erosion starts off painting a vivid story discussing a Japanese immigrant farmer named Kinji Kurumada. Kinji supplied neighboring counties each year with greens. Williams directs the reader to develop a relationship with Kinji and to get to know and like him. After the short description of Kinji and his life, Williams ends the piece by introducing Kinji’s son, June, and then in one short sentence describes how June was arrested and was sent to a Japanese-American internment camp which ultimately changes the mood of the piece from joy to sorrow.
Throughout all three pieces, Williams uses one common strategy of integrating quotes from other influential environmental writers. These quotes create fluidity in his pieces and further support Williams’ arguments for the environment.
Winter Solace at the Moab Slough starts out by introducing the Hopi Tribe and their rituals during Winter Solace by celebrating nature and praying for health and love. He makes a connection between humans and the damage and healing done to nature by creating the analogy of the dedicated Wetland Preserve and the release of the healed red-tailed hawk that was previously injured. Williams then goes to compare love and humans by stating that we do not face love with open eyes and that there is a lack of intimacy with the land and love. He also states that the land equals love and we fear love.
Erosion starts off painting a vivid story discussing a Japanese immigrant farmer named Kinji Kurumada. Kinji supplied neighboring counties each year with greens. Williams directs the reader to develop a relationship with Kinji and to get to know and like him. After the short description of Kinji and his life, Williams ends the piece by introducing Kinji’s son, June, and then in one short sentence describes how June was arrested and was sent to a Japanese-American internment camp which ultimately changes the mood of the piece from joy to sorrow.
Throughout all three pieces, Williams uses one common strategy of integrating quotes from other influential environmental writers. These quotes create fluidity in his pieces and further support Williams’ arguments for the environment.
Thursday, January 8, 2009
malibu
Imagine this: warm sun, soft sand, crashing waves, a brisk wind, cool, refreshing water, and smooth shells. This is the vacation spot I love the most. I have been to Malibu, California many times since my sister has lived there in the past six years. The drive to Malibu is two hours from Los Angeles, however, the beach is worth every minute. The drive includes venturing through the hills at high altitudes which allows for a beautiful view of California. This is not the ideal drive for someone who is carsick easily: there are many intense turns and most of the drive involves looking out the car window to see the edge of a cliff. Once you finish scaling the high mountains, you end up on a beautiful eight lane highway that overlooks the ocean and amazing beach houses. These beach houses are architecturally pleasing: there are glass windows, they appear long and box-like and they are half on land and half on the beach. When you arrive at the beach, there are many parking lots and the beach is divided into sections (mini beaches) by giant rocks. The mini beaches allow for a person to enjoy the beautiful scenery without dealing with a large crowd of people. Every time I have gone to Malibu I have never ran into anyone else on the mini beach of my choice. Just laying on the soft sand and feeling the warm sun on my skin evokes a sense of relaxation and comfort that only comes from being on that beach. Letting the cool waves hit me and pull me under the water allows me to relax and just enjoy the time I spend on the beach.
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